Aphex Twin, the alias of Richard D. James, is highly regarded for his groundbreaking contributions to electronic music. Known for his innovative and complex approach, he blends genres like ambient, techno, and experimental music, pushing boundaries in ways few artists have.
His work has shaped the genre of intelligent dance music (IDM), earning him widespread acclaim. Aphex Twin’s influence even extends to bands like Radiohead, whose albums Kid Aand Amnesiacwere notably inspired by his unique sound.
Richard D. James, known professionally as Aphex Twin, was born on August 18, 1971, in Limerick, Ireland, to Welsh parents. He grew up in Lanner, Cornwall, England, with his two older sisters. James described his childhood as "very happy," enjoying the freedom of being "cut off from the city and the rest of the world."
He attended Redruth School in Redruth. From a young age, James was fascinated by sound; as a child, he played with the strings inside his family piano and disassembled tape equipment. At age 11, he won £50 in a competition for producing sound on a Sinclair ZX81, a home computer with no sound hardware
James later stated that he had been "ignorant of music, apart from acid and techno," before he began recording. He claimed to have been independently making music similar to acid and techno before encountering the styles, and subsequently became enthusiastic about them.
Aphex Twin, the stage name of Richard D. James, is a pioneering figure in electronic music. He began his career in the late 1980s, deeply involved in the Cornish free party scene, organizing raves at secluded locations along the coast. In 1989, he met Tom Middleton and Grant Wilson-Claridge, who introduced him to the burgeoning underground music scene. James's first release, the EP Analogue Bubblebath, came out in 1991 under the alias Aphex Twin. The success of this EP led to the founding of Rephlex Records in 1991, a label aimed at promoting innovative electronic music. His 1992 album Selected Ambient Works 85–92received critical acclaim and is considered a milestone in ambient music.
Throughout the 1990s, James continued to release influential works, including ...I Care Because You Do(1995) and Richard D. James Album(1996). The latter album showcased his versatility, blending elements of jungle, ambient, and classical music. In 1999, the release of the single "Windowlicker" further solidified his reputation, with its innovative music video directed by Chris Cunningham. James's work during this period was characterized by complex rhythms and a willingness to experiment with new sounds.
After a hiatus, James returned in 2014 with the album Syro, his first under the Aphex Twin name in over a decade. The album was released through Warp Records and received widespread acclaim, earning a Grammy nomination for Best Dance/Electronic Album. In the following years, James continued to release new material, including the EP Collapse(2018) and the expanded edition of Selected Ambient Works Volume II(2024). His work remains influential, with a dedicated fan base and continued critical praise.
As of 2025, Aphex Twin's net worth is estimated at $12 million. He has earned this amount primarily from his music sales, including his influential albums like Selected Ambient Works 85–92and Syro. His revenue also comes from live performances and tours, where he continues to perform at high-profile electronic music festivals.